Download fulltext HTML
Ambarita, E., Sibarani, R., Widayati, D., & Setia, E. (2018). Nominal Word Formations in Toba Batak Language: A Study of Generative Morphology. KnE Social Sciences, 3(4), 306–320. https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v3i4.1942

https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v3i4.1942

statistics

  • 1123 Abstract Views
  • 340 PDF Views
  • 0 HTML Views

authors

  • E Ambarita
    No author data available.
  • R Sibarani
    No author data available.
  • D Widayati
    No author data available.
  • E Setia
    No author data available.

Published Date

  • Apr 19, 2018

Nominal Word Formations in Toba Batak Language: A Study of Generative Morphology

KnE Social Sciences / The 1st Annual International Conference on Language and Literature (AICLL) / Pages 306–320

Abstract

The objective of this paper is to explore nominal word formations in Toba Batak language. The theory applied in this study is generative morphology proposed by Halle (1973). The basic principle in generative morphology is that the process of word formations can generate actual words and potential words. According to generative morphology the mechanism of word formations will be postulated in list of morphemes, word formation rules, filter, and dictionary. The method of this study is qualitative descriptive; it is a method of study which describes language phenomena naturally without any exception. The results show that nominal word formations in Toba Batak language are distinguished in 3 main ways, they are: [1] by attaching affixations, [2] by inserting premodifier ni between adjectival bases and nominal bases, and [3] by moving the stress of free adjectival bases from the first syllable to the second syllable. There are 14 affixations that can form nouns in Toba Batak language, they are: (i) six prefixes (par-, na-, sa-, sanha-, hina-, ha-), (ii) two infixes (-ar-, -al-), (iii) one suffix (-na), (iv) four multiple affixations (ha-…-on, pa-…-an, pa-…-on, par-…-an), and (v) double affixations (par-in-). Nominal word formations derive from various free word bases, such as, free adjectival bases, free verbal bases, free nominal bases, free numeric bases, and free adverbial bases. The results of these affixations can be inflectional or derivational. Some complex words have to be put into filter to be processed morphophonologically before they are put into dictionary.


 


Keywords: nominal word formations, affixations, generative morphology, inflectional, derivational

References
[1] Ambarita, Esron. (2017a). Sociolinguistic Routines in Social Interactions in Toba Batak Language. Jurnal Ilmiah KULTURA, Vol. 18 No. 1 Juni 2017, ISSN 1411-0229, Medan: Penerbit Universitas Muslim Nusantara (UMN) Al Wasliyah.


[2] Ambarita, Esron. (2017b). Daftar Morfem dalam Sistem Morfologi Generatif Bahasa
Batak Toba. Jurnal TIFA, Volume 9, Nomor 1, Edisi Januari 2017, ISSN: 2088- 7124, Medan: Penerbit Program Pascasarjana S2 Pendidikan Bahasa Indonesia, Universitas Muslim Nusantara Al Wasliyah.


[3] Ambarita, Esron. (2017c). Morphological Analysis of Adjective Reduplications in Toba Batak Language. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra, Vol. 2 No. 1 April 2017, ISSN: 2502-9584, Medan: Penerbit Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Pada Masyarakat Universitas Muslim Nusantara Al Wasliyah.


[4] Ambarita, Esron. (2017d). Denominal Verbs in Toba Batak Language. The Episteme: Journal of Linguistics and Literature, Volume 3 Number 3, May 2017, ISSN 2442-9392 (Print), ISSN 2460-3236 (Online), Medan: Published by English Department, Faculty of Language and Arts Nommensen HKBP University, Medan, Indonesia.


[5] Aronoff, Mark. (1976). Word Formation in Generative Grammar. Cambridge: The MIT Press.


[6] Dardjowidjojo, Soenjono. (1983). Beberapa Masalah dalam Teori Morfologi Jeneratif: Suatu Kasus dalam Pembentukan Kata Kerja in Beberapa Aspek Linguistik Indonesia. Seri ILDEP, Jakarta: Penerbit Djambatan.


[7] Dardjowidjojo, Soenjono. (1988). Morfologi Generatif: Teori dan Permasalahan in PELLBA I Pertemuan Linguistik Lembaga Bahasa Atma Jaya: Pertama, Penyunting Soenjono Dardjowidjojo, Jakarta: Lembaga Bahasa Unika Atmajaya.


[8] Halle, Morris. (1973). Prolegomena to a Theory of Word Formation. Linguistic Inquiry Volume IV Number I, 3-16 Winter, 4(I) I/73 (1-108) ISSN 0024-3892.


[9] Haspelmath, Martin and Sims, Andrea D. (2002). Understanding Morphology. New York: Oxford University Press.


[10] Loe, Efron Erwin Yohanis. (2018). Morfologi Bahasa Rote Dialek Dengka: Kajian Morfologi Generatif. Doctoral Dissertation, Study Program: Linguistik Pascasarjana Universitas Udayana, Denpasar.


[11] Murdianto, 2000. Proses Pembentukan Kata Bahasa Jawa: Sebuah Kajian Transformasi Generatif. Tesis, Program Magister Linguistik Universitas Udayana, Denpasar.


[12] Nasution, Khairina. (2011). Pembentukan Kata dalam Bahasa Indonesia yang Berasal dari Bahasa Arab: Kajian Morfologi Generatif. Doctoral Dissertation, Study Program: Linguistik Pascasarjana Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan.


[13] Scalise, Sergio. (1984). Generative Morphology. Dordrecht-Holand/CinnaminsonUSA: Foris Publications.


[14] Sembiring, Milisi. (2015). Translating Daliken si Telu Texts in Karonese Society into English. International Journal of Language Studies. Vol. 9 Number 3, Juli 2015 (pp. 131-146).


[15] Sembiring, Milisi. (2016). Theory and Practice in Language Studies, Vol. 6 No. 6 June 2016.


[16] Simpen, I Wayan. (2008). Afiksasi Bahasa Bali: Sebuah Kajian Morfologi Generatif. Linguistika: Vol. 15 No. 29, September 2008.


[17] Sukri, H. Muhammad. (2008). Sistem Morfologi Bahasa Sasak Dialek Kuto-Kute: Kajian Transformasi Generatif. Doctoral Dissertation, Study Program: Linguistik Pascasarjana Universitas Udayana, Denpasar.


[18] Zainuddin. (2012). Sistem Morfologi Bahasa Gayo: Kajian Transformasi Generatif. Doctoral Dissertation, Study Program: Linguistik Pascasarjana Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan.