Nurturing Entrepreneurial Mindset among College Students through Challenges-based Learning: Construction and Validation of The Entrepreneurship Essentials Course in Universitas Ciputra

Abstract

The notion of constant changing and disruption, followed by bonus demographic period in 2020-2035, are seen as a challenge that needs to be tackle by providing a more relevant human capital.  Universitas Ciputra develops Entrepreneurship Essentials (EEs) course as the first phase to nurture students’ Entrepreneurial Mindset (EM) to increase the competitiveness and the ability to survive under uncertain conditions. Data collection was conducted in two phases, the pre-test and the post-test phase, to observe the EEs curriculum effectiveness in nurturing EM. Throughout 16 weeks of lectures period, students were guided using experiential-based learning process, specifically challenge based learning method. In between data collection period, students were given three real project challenges involves stakeholders. Students had to fill out reflective online questions to contextualize their experience, before they perform another challenge. At the end of EEs, students are expected to be able to develop EM in form of entrepreneurial project that has valuable impact to a community. 1025 qualified data sample were analyzed using Paired-Sample T-Test. Analysis revealed that EEs is effectively increasing EM among students. This study described EEs learning methods that can provide meaningful engaging experience with the result of changes in the students’ cognitive states.  


Keywords: entrepreneurship education, entrepreneurial mindset, experiential-based learning, challenge-based learning.


 

References
[1] Bughin, J., & Woetzel, J. (2019, January). Navigating a world of disruption. Retrieved July 30, 2019, from mckinsey.com: https://www.mckinsey.com/featured-insights/innovation-and-growth/navigating-a-world-of-disruption
[2] Fresneau, C. (2019, March 4). Coping with an unpredictable world. Retrieved July 31, 2019, from qbeeurope.com: https://qbeeurope.com/unpredictability/coping-with-an-unpredictable-world/
[3] Haynie, J. M., Shepherd, D., Mosakowski, E., & Earley, P. C. (2010). A situated metacognitive model of the entrepreneurial mindset. Journal of Business Venturing. Vol 25(2). 217–229. doi:10.1016/j.jbusvent.2008.10.001
[4] Rasca, L., Deaconu, A., & True, S. (2018). From successful SMEs to entrepreneurial society and the importance of the entrepreneurial mindset. Doing Business in Europe, 315–328. Springer International Publishing AG. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-72239-9_15
[5] Ngek, Neneh. (2012). An exploratory study on entrepreneurial mindset in the Small and Medium Enterprise (SME) sector: A South African perspective on fostering Small and Medium Enterprise (SME) success. African Journal of Business Management. 6(9). 3364-3372. 10.5897/AJBM10.1631.
[6] Jabeen, F., Faisal, M. N., & I. Katsioloudes, M. (2017). Entrepreneurial mindset and the role of universities as strategic drivers of entrepreneurship. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 24(1). 136–157. doi:10.1108/jsbed-07-2016-0117
[7] Nadelson, L. & D.~Nageswaran Palmer, Aparna & Benton, Tom & Basnet, Ram & Bissonnette, Meghan & Cantwell, Laureen & Jouflas, Georgann & Elliott, Eric & Fromm, Megan & Lanci, Sarah. (2018). Developing next generation of innovators: Teaching entrepreneurial mindset elements across disciplines. International Journal of Higher Education, 7(5). 114-126. 10.5430/ijhe.v7n5p114.
[8] Zupan, Blaž & Cankar, Franc & Setnikar Cankar, Stanka. (2018). The development of an entrepreneurial mindset in primary education. European Journal of Education. 53(3). 427-439. doi:10.1111/ejed.12293.
[9] Wale-Oshinowo, Bamidele & Raimi, Lukman & Olarewaju, Adeniyi & Mbah, Samuel. (2019). Entrepreneurship education and student entrepreneurial mindset: A study of students in federal government tertiary institutions in Lagos, Nigeria, 6, 194-214.
[10] Cui, J., Sun, J., & Bell, R. (2019). The impact of entrepreneurship education on the entrepreneurial mindset of college students in China: The mediating role of inspiration and the role of educational attributes. The International Journal of Management Education. Available online 2 May 2019 doi:10.1016/j.ijme.2019.04.001
[11] Rasmussen, Einar & Sørheim, Roger. (2006). Action-Based Entrepreneurship Education. Technovation. 26. 185-194. 10.1016/j.technovation.2005.06.012.
[12] Klofsten, M., Fayolle, A., Guerrero, M., Mian, S., Urbano, D., & Wright, M. (2018). The entrepreneurial university as driver for economic growth and social change - Key strategic challenges. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 14(1), 149-158. doi:10.1016/j.techfore.2018.12.004
[13] Bosman, L., & Fernhaber, S. (2018). Teaching the entrepreneurial mindset to engineers. Springer International Publishing AG.
[14] Puffer, Sheila & Mccarthy, Daniel. (2001). Navigating the hostile maze: A framework for Russian entrepreneurship. Academy of Management Executive. 15, 24-36. 10.5465/AME.2001.5897647.
[15] Johnson, L. & Brown, S. (2011). Challenge based learning: The report from the implementation project. Austin, Texas: The New Media Consortium. Retrieved August 1, 2019 from https://www.learntechlib.org/p/49837/.
[16] Johnson, L.F., Smith, R.S., Smythe, J.T. & Varon, R.K. (2009). Challenge-based learning: An approach for our time. Austin, Texas: The New Media Consortium. Retrieved August 1, 2019 from https://www.learntechlib.org/p/182083/.
[17] Midgley, C., Maehr, M. L., Hruda, L. Z., Anderman, E., Anderman, L., Freeman, K. E., et al. (2000). Manual for the patterns of adaptive learning scales, 1001, 1–74. Ann Arbor.
[18] Hägg, G. (2017). Experiential entrepreneurship education: Reflective thinking as a counterbalance to action for developing entrepreneurial knowledge. (141 ed.). Doctoral Dissertation. Lund: MediaTryck Lund.
[19] Newbery, R., Lean, J., Moizer, J., & Haddoud, M. (2018). Entrepreneurial identity formation during the initial entrepreneurial experience: The influence of simulation feedback and existing identity. Journal of Business Research, 85, 51–59. doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2017.12.013
[20] Kirkwood, J., Dwyer, K., & Gray, B. (2014). Students’ reflections on the value of an entrepreneurship education. The International Journal of Management Education, 12(3). 307–316. doi:10.1016/j.ijme.2014.07.005
[21] Yeoh, K. (2017), Entrepreneurship students distilled their learning experience through reflective learning log, Journal of Research in Innovative Teaching & Learning, 10(2), 126-142. https://doi.org/10.1108/JRIT-06-2017-0012
[22] Shiel, C. and Jones, D., (2003). Reflective learning and assessment: A systematic study of reflexive learning as evidenced in student learning journals. HEAC, 1-32.